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NMEA - Positioning Mode

Overview

The positioning mode indicator was added to several of the messages in NMEA 2.3 for Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

It is usually a single character but some messages will contain multiple characters, one for each GNSS.

The order of the characters indicates the systems; GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, QZSS.

Messages

The positioning mode indicator is used by the following messages:

Message ID Description
GLL Geodetic Latitude + Longitude
GNS Global Navigation Satellite System
RMC Recommended Minimum GNSS Data
VTG Velocity and Track made Good

Values

Positioning modes supported by NMEA:

Positioning Mode Description
A Autonomous (non-differential) mode
C Caution (Quectel Querk)
D Differential (DGPS) mode
E Estimated (dead-reckoning) mode
F RTK float mode
M Manual input mode
N Data not valid. Either constellation not in use, or no valid fix
P Precise (NMEA 4.10 and later).
No deliberate degradation (e.g. SA), and using hi-res fix (e.g. P-code).
Also signifies multi-frequency, SBAS or Precise Point Positioning (PPP).
R RTK integer mode, or using “course position” from almanac (SiRF) 1
S Simulator mode
U Unsafe (Quectel Querk)

Notes:

1 - SiRF - position was calculated based on one or more of the SVs having their states derived from almanac parameters, as opposed to ephemerides.